About

This Scientific Calculator is designed to assist students, engineers, and professionals with complex mathematical computations directly in the browser. Unlike standard calculators, this tool provides a robust suite of functions including trigonometry (sine, cosine, tangent), logarithms, and exponents.

A key feature of this utility is the "History Tape" sidebar. This functionality mimics the paper tape of traditional adding machines, recording every successful calculation. Users can recall previous results simply by clicking on the history entry, integrating past values into current equations without manual re-entry. This reduces transcription errors and improves workflow efficiency for multi-step problems.

Formulas

The calculator adheres to the standard Order of Operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS). The core logic handles functions as follows:

Result = Function(Input)

For trigonometric calculations, inputs are processed in Radians by default, though conversion logic applies for degree-based inputs if adjusted. For example, the sine function:

sin(x) = Opposite / Hypotenuse

Logarithmic calculations utilize the natural base e unless specified as base 10.

Reference Data

Constant	Symbol	Approximate Value	Description
Pi	π	3.14159265	Ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter
Euler's Number	e	2.71828182	Base of the natural logarithm
Square Root of 2	√2	1.41421356	Diagonal of a unit square
Golden Ratio	φ	1.61803398	Aesthetically pleasing proportion in art and nature

Frequently Asked Questions

In higher mathematics and calculus, radians are the standard unit of angular measure because they simplify many formulas, particularly derivatives and integrals. To convert degrees to radians, multiply by PI/180.

This tool uses standard JavaScript 64-bit floating-point precision (IEEE 754). While highly accurate for most scientific needs, very large or infinitesimally small numbers may encounter minor rounding errors inherent to computer arithmetic.

Currently, the History Tape is session-based to protect user privacy and ensure a clean slate for new calculations. It clears upon reloading the page.