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About

A missed period is often the first sign of pregnancy but anxiety can delay menstruation creating a confusing cycle. Understanding the biological timing of conception helps clarify the situation. Pregnancy is only possible if intercourse occurred during the "Fertile Window" a specific phase surrounding ovulation when an egg is viable.

This tool maps your cycle to pinpoint Ovulation (roughly 14 days before the next expected period) and calculates the overlap between sperm viability (up to 5 days) and the egg's lifespan (12 to 24 hours). By comparing your intercourse date with this window we generate a probability score helping you decide if a test is necessary.

pregnancy test missed period ovulation calculator conception probability fertility window

Formulas

The calculator estimates the Fertile Window relative to the Next Period Date:

{
Ovulation = NextPeriod 14 daysWindowstart = Ovulation 5 daysWindowend = Ovulation + 1 day

If the intercourse date falls within Windowstart and Windowend the probability is flagged as High or Medium.

Reference Data

EventTiming (28-day cycle)Conception Chance
MenstruationDay 1 - 5Near Zero
Follicular PhaseDay 6 - 9Very Low
Fertile Window StartDay 10 - 12Medium (Sperm survives)
Ovulation PeakDay 13 - 14High
Post-OvulationDay 15 - 16Low (Egg dying)
Luteal PhaseDay 17 - 28Zero

Frequently Asked Questions

It is highly unlikely. Ovulation typically occurs 12 to 16 days before the period starts. Once the egg dissolves (about 24 hours after ovulation) conception is impossible until the next cycle.
Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract for up to 5 days in fertile cervical mucus. This means intercourse on Monday can result in pregnancy if ovulation occurs on Friday.
Pregnancy tests detect the hormone hCG. It takes about 10 to 14 days after conception for hCG to reach detectable levels. Testing on the first day of your missed period is usually accurate.