Momentum Solver & Collision Simulator
Calculate momentum (p=mv) and impulse. Simulate Elastic vs Inelastic collisions between two objects.
Object 1 (Blue)
Object 2 (Red)
About
In classical mechanics, conservation of momentum is a non-negotiable law governing interactions. Whether analyzing vehicle safety crashes or billiard ball dynamics, predicting the post-impact velocity requires accounting for mass ratios and the coefficient of restitution. Errors here lead to flawed energy transfer models.
This tool computes the linear momentum (p) and solves for final velocities in 1D collision scenarios. It distinguishes between Perfectly Elastic collisions (where Kinetic Energy is conserved) and Perfectly Inelastic collisions (where objects stick together), providing a distinct advantage for students visualizing Newton's third law.
Formulas
Momentum:
p = m v
Elastic Collision (Energy Conserved):
v1′ = (m1 − m2)v1 + 2m2v2m1 + m2
Inelastic Collision (Objects Stick):
v′ = m1v1 + m2v2m1 + m2
Reference Data
| Material | Density (kg/m3) | Restitution (e) Approx |
|---|---|---|
| Steel | 7850 | ~0.6 - 0.9 |
| Wood (Oak) | 750 | ~0.4 - 0.6 |
| Ice | 917 | ~0.8 - 0.9 |
| Rubber | 1100 | ~0.7 - 0.9 |
| Glass | 2500 | ~0.9 - 0.95 |
| Lead | 11340 | ~0.1 - 0.2 |
| Billiard Ball | 1700 | ~0.95 - 0.98 |
| Clay (Modeling) | 1500 | ~0 (Inelastic) |