About

Standard processors handle numbers up to 64 bits with precision. However, cryptography keys, hash functions, and combinatorics often generate integers with hundreds of digits. Standard converters truncate these values or return scientific notation errors. This tool leverages arbitrary-precision arithmetic to handle strings of integers of virtually unlimited length. It supports custom base conversions useful for encoding schemes like Base36. Accuracy is preserved down to the last digit without rounding.

Formulas

Conversion of large strings requires iterative polynomial accumulation using Big Integer arithmetic.

BigInt = len-1∑k=0 val(char_k) × base^k

Unlike standard floating-point math which keeps only significant digits, BigInt logic allocates dynamic memory to store every single bit of the value, preventing overflow.

Reference Data

Bits	Approximate Decimal Max	Use Case
32-bit	4.29 × 10⁹	Legacy Systems
64-bit	1.84 × 10¹⁹	Modern CPU Registers
128-bit	3.40 × 10³⁸	IPv6 Addresses
256-bit	1.15 × 10⁷⁷	SHA-256 Hashes
2048-bit	3.23 × 10⁶¹⁶	RSA Encryption Keys

Frequently Asked Questions

The limit is defined by the available memory of your browser tab. It can easily handle numbers with thousands of digits, far exceeding the capabilities of a standard scientific calculator.

That is scientific notation. It indicates the number is too large for the standard "Number" type in JavaScript (IEEE 754), so it sacrifices precision for magnitude. This tool avoids that by treating numbers as strings and processing them logically.

This tool supports Base 2 through Base 36 using standard alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z). Base64 requires special symbols (+, /, =) and is technically an encoding scheme rather than a pure mathematical base conversion, so it is handled by different tools.