User Rating 0.0
Total Usage 0 times
Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) 0 Units per order
Reorder Point (ROP) 0 Trigger order at this level
Safety Stock 0 Buffer units
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About

Inventory is money sitting on a shelf. Optimizing it requires balancing the risk of stockouts (lost sales) against the cost of holding excess stock (storage, insurance, obsolescence). This tool calculates the "Sweet Spot" for ordering.

It computes the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) to minimize total costs and establishes a data-driven Reorder Point (ROP). Crucially, it calculates Safety Stock based on your desired Service Level - typically 95% to 99%. This buffer protects against supply chain disruptions and unexpected demand spikes.

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Formulas

Economic Order Quantity (EOQ):

EOQ = 2 × D × SH

Where D is Annual Demand, S is Ordering Cost, and H is Holding Cost.

Reorder Point (ROP):

ROP = (d × L) + SafetyStock

Safety Stock uses the Z-score (Z) and standard deviation of demand (σd) over the lead time.

Reference Data

Service LevelZ-ScoreStockout RiskRecommended For
90%1.2810%Low margin, non-critical items
95%1.655%Standard retail products
97.5%1.962.5%High demand, competitive items
99%2.331%Critical parts, medical supplies
99.9%3.090.1%Life-saving equipment

Frequently Asked Questions

Holding cost (or carrying cost) is the cost to store inventory over a year. It includes rent, utilities, insurance, security, and the opportunity cost of the capital tied up in stock. It is usually expressed as 20-30% of the inventory value.
Service level is the probability that you will not run out of stock during the lead time. A 95% service level means you are willing to accept a stockout in 1 out of 20 cycles. Higher service levels require exponentially more safety stock.
This is the amount of inventory you sell while waiting for a new shipment to arrive. If you sell 10 units a day and it takes 14 days to receive goods, your lead time demand is 140 units.