About

Switching to an electric vehicle introduces the complexity of "refueling" time. Unlike pumping gas, charging is non-linear; it slows down significantly as the battery fills up to protect the chemical structure of the cells. This calculator provides a realistic estimate of charging duration by factoring in the battery capacity, the charger's power output, and the "tapering" effect above 80% charge.

It also calculates the financial aspect, allowing owners to compare the cost per mile against internal combustion engines.

Formulas

1. Energy Required:

E_need = Capacity × (Target_% − Current_%)

2. Base Time:

T = E_needPower_kW × Efficiency

If the target percentage exceeds 80%, the tool applies a logarithmic penalty factor to simulate the charging curve.

Reference Data

Charger Type	Power (kW)	Time for 100km Range	Location
Level 1 (Wall Outlet)	1.4 kW	10 - 14 hours	Home
Level 2 (Home Wallbox)	7.0 kW	2 - 3 hours	Home / Public
Level 2 (Commercial)	11 - 22 kW	1 - 2 hours	Offices / Malls
DC Fast Charge	50 kW	20 - 30 mins	Highway
Supercharger / HPC	150 - 250 kW	5 - 10 mins	Highway

Frequently Asked Questions

As a Lithium-ion battery nears full capacity, the internal resistance increases, and the battery management system (BMS) reduces the current to prevent overheating and degradation. This is often called the "tapering" of the charge curve.

kW (Kilowatt) is the speed of the water flowing (Power), while kWh (Kilowatt-hour) is the amount of water in the bucket (Energy). A 50kW charger delivers 50kWh of energy in one hour.