Binary Data Converter - Hex, Base64, UTF-8 & Bytes

Data serialization is the backbone of modern computing, yet moving between formats like Hex, Base64, and raw Binary is often error-prone. This tool acts as a universal translator for byte streams. Unlike simple text converters, it uses a Uint8Array intermediate layer, ensuring that binary fidelity is preserved even when dealing with non-printable ASCII control characters or multi-byte UTF-8 sequences.

Whether you are debugging a network packet, decoding a legacy database field, or inspecting a cryptographic hash, this utility provides an exact representation of the underlying data. It handles the complexity of encoding standards, such as the variable-length nature of UTF-8, where a single character like "€" occupies 3 bytes, versus the fixed-width mapping of Latin-1.

Conversion relies on manipulating the underlying bitstream. For example, Base64 encoding takes groups of three 8-bit bytes (24 bits total) and divides them into four 6-bit chunks.

For Hexadecimal, each byte is split into two 4-bit nibbles, where each nibble maps to a digit from 0-F.